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Surface Biogenic Carbon Flux Priors: Providing Priors, Analyzing Error Structures, and Reducing Parameter Uncertainties
Better estimates of greenhouse gas sources and sinks are needed for climate management and for prediction of future climate. Atmospheric Carbon and Transport — America conducts airborne campaigns across three regions in the eastern United States to study the transport and fluxes of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane, and to measure how weather systems transport…
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Observing and Understanding the Impacts of a Thinning and Retreating Sea Ice Cover on Light Propagation, Primary Productivity, and Biogeochemistry in the Pacific Arctic Region
The Arctic sea ice cover is undergoing tremendous changes. There has been a pronounced decrease in the summer sea ice extent, an overall thinning of the ice, a lengthening of the summer melt season, and a fundamental shift to a primarily seasonal sea ice cover. Some of the greatest changes in the sea ice cover…
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Integrating Crowdsourcing, in situ Sensing, and Spaceborne Observation to Understand the Sustainability of Smallholder Agriculture in African Wet Savannas
Livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) rely heavily on small-scale farming. This dependence could deepen as SSA’s wetter savannas will be increasingly farmed to meet growing food demand, while economic growth strategies promote the expansion of smallholder farming. This large-scale, smallholder-based agricultural development in a region with a highly variable climate raises two important sustainability questions:…
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Tools to Bridge the Gap between Static CMS Maps, Models, and Stakeholders
From its inception, the NASA Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) has largely been organized around two activities: observation-based mapping of biomass and model-based estimation of carbon flux. Although there has been significant progress in both biomass and flux activities at various scales, several challenges hinder the use of biomass products to inform flux modeling. Challenges include…
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Remote Sensing of River Carbon Fluxes to the Ocean
Working collaboratively with researchers at Northeastern University, this project will develop remote sensing data and LOADEST (Load Estimator software) modeling of dissolved organic carbon for rivers globally and across the Arctic.
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Irrigation as Climate-Change Adaptation in the Cerrado Biome of Brazil Evaluated with New Quantitative Methods, Socio-Economic Analysis, and Scenario Models
The Brazilian Cerrado is one of the most important and threatened ecosystems in the world in terms of carbon fluxes, water resources, biodiversity, and social diversity including indigenous and other traditional communities. Agricultural expansion has become central to the Cerrado’s regional development and global food security, with western Bahia state being one of the most…
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Country-Scale Field Boundary Mapping Using Advanced AI Models Applied to Multi-Source High-Resolution Satellite Imagery
Agriculture, one of the largest drivers of terrestrial habitat loss and climate change, is fundamental to human health and well-being, and plays a critical role in socio-economic development. However, tracking agricultural change is difficult because of the uneven availability and varying quality of data, particularly in Africa. To understand how agricultural systems are changing, it…
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