Human technological advancement has been powered by the development of complex materials such as metals, glass, ceramics, semiconductors, and polymers. In this course, we delve into the intricate interplay between chemical composition, structural organization, and the resulting properties exhibited by inorganic forms of materials. Key topics covered include the fundamental factors dictating material structure, the exploration of prominent structure types, advanced analysis techniques, including diffraction methods for precise structure determination, synthetic methodologies, and the myriad practical applications of these materials.