{"id":25264,"date":"2025-10-09T10:47:08","date_gmt":"2025-10-09T14:47:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/?post_type=story&#038;p=25264"},"modified":"2025-10-14T10:57:51","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T14:57:51","slug":"constitution-day-lecture-explores-strengths-flaws-in-government","status":"publish","type":"story","link":"https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/2025\/10\/09\/constitution-day-lecture-explores-strengths-flaws-in-government\/","title":{"rendered":"Constitution Day Lecture explores strengths, flaws in government"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<p>The strengths and weaknesses of our system of government were brought under close examination at the annual Constitution Day lecture, delivered by Aziz Rana, professor of law at Boston College Law School.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During his Sept. 18 address to an audience of students and faculty in the Grace Conference Room, Rana traced how America\u2019s constitutional system, designed to offset majority rule with checks and balances, gradually fused with other ideological responsibilities, including market capitalism, civil libertarianism, and maintaining belief in the American global authority. This fusion, Rana argued, produced a powerful but fragile political compact that defined the mid-20th century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe U.S. Constitution is perhaps the hardest in the world to formally amend. You need to have two-thirds in both houses and then three-fourths of the states to ratify an amendment. What that has meant in the U.S. is that most change takes place not actually through writing a new document,&#8221; he said. &#8220;What you can do is pass what some legal scholars call &#8216;landmark&#8217; pieces of legislation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rana unraveled constitutional questions in his first book, \u201cThe Two Faces of American Freedom\u201d(Harvard University Press, 2010), which contextualizes modern America in the history of colonialism. His latest book, \u201cThe Constitutional Bind: How Americans Came to Idolize a Document that Fails Them\u201d (University of Chicago Press, 2024), explores the modern emergence of \u201cconstitutional veneration,\u201d especially against the backdrop of growing American global authority.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<aside class=\"wp-block-group alignright boxout has-clarku-background-color has-deep-red-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-f9d518a827d3ebcf59159c194437e792 is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-12dd3699 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Study political science<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/departments\/political-science\/undergraduate-programs\/\">Explore the undergraduate program<\/a><\/p>\n<\/aside>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe tend to think of our document as this thing that is the same from its founding and has meant the same thing across time,&#8221; Rana said. &#8220;But in truth, the meanings that have been given to the text have changed quite dramatically.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rana led the audience through a sweeping historical analysis, from how the Great Depression and New Deal reforms of the 1930s redefined the meaning of constitutional change without rewriting the document, to how World War II and the Cold War further solidified America\u2019s self-image as a bastion of freedom and global leadership.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That mid-century order, Rana explained, depended on two key conditions: strong labor movements that provided social welfare-focused political supermajorities and the Cold War\u2019s demand for internal social cohesion to combat the feared rise of communism. But when the popularity of the industrial unions began to wane and the Soviet Union collapsed, the structural and ideological glue holding that consensus together began to corrode, he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The decades that followed saw the economy become more rigid, inequality rise, and partisanship become more extreme. Rana called this proof that the Constitution had deep, innate flaws that historically made it hard for majorities to reform. In the 21st century, Rana said, this appears as minority rule through the Electoral College and Senate representation, an increasingly politicized Supreme Court, and the erosion of institutional checks on executive power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-14-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"professor speaks in conference room\" class=\"wp-image-25267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-14-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-14-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-14-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-14-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-14-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-14-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Aziz Rana, professor of law at Boston College Law School, delivers the Constitution Day lecture.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-7-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"two professors at front of room\" class=\"wp-image-25265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-7-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-7-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-7-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-7-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.clarku.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/37\/Constitution_Day_Aziz_Rana_18_Sept_2025-7-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Political Science Professor Cyril Ghosh introduces Aziz Rana, professor of law at Boston College Law School.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSince 1988,\u201d he noted, \u201cRepublicans have won the popular vote only twice, yet have frequently held the presidency and shaped the Court for generations.\u201d Rana contended that this has enabled a single party to exert an excessive amount of influence and power over every branch of the government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This dynamic could allow for a reimagining of the nation\u2019s democratic institutions, Rana said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rana urged the audience to think beyond formal and familiar constitutional amendments and more toward rebuilding the \u201cintermediate institutions\u201d that sustain civic life \u2014 such as labor unions, tenant associations, professional organizations, and campus worker coalitions \u2014 because without such collective bases of power, he said, neither party will be able to sustain genuine democratic reform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe are in a different political universe,\u201d he said, \u201cbut that doesn\u2019t mean the story is over. It means we have to decide what kind of political order comes next.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During his Sept. 18 address, Rana traced how America\u2019s constitutional system gradually fused with other ideological responsibilities.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":25266,"template":"","meta":{"story_color":"#525250","story_headerImg":25266,"section_label":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[223,245],"displayed_author":[229],"featured":[494],"topic":[148,264,265],"class_list":["post-25264","story","type-story","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clark-community","category-social-sciences","displayed_author-justin-schwartz-27","featured-secondary","topic-community","topic-political-science","topic-politics-and-government"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - 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