Results
Physical characteristics of the environment and the tide pool are recorded below.
The measurements were taken were around approximately the
same time in the early afternoon to standardize the measurements and
reduce error. The temperature rose slightly from the first to second day and then
decreased on the third day. The weather conditions were fairly variable
and the effects of that change can be seen by comparing the aggregation of
Batillaria Minima in the pictures of the rocks from each day. Click on the individual days to see the
pictures, as well as ANOVAs showing the significant difference
between cover above the rocks and under the rocks.
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 |
| Weather | Partly Cloudy | Sunny | Mostly Sunny
|
| Time of day | 1:45 pm | 2:00 pm | 1:45 pm |
| Water Temperature | 28 °C | 29 °C | 27 °C |
Table 1.1 Daily weather conditions, time and water temperature
| Rock |
Mean % cover |
| 1 |
90% |
| 2 |
78% |
| 3 |
87% |
| 4 |
75% |
| 5 |
82% |
Table 1.2. Mean percent cover by Batillatia Minima under the rocks.
The percentages are an average taken for each rock over three days of sampling.
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t-test |
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| Rocks Compared |
1 vs 2 |
1 vs 3 |
1 vs 4* |
1 vs 5 |
2 vs 3 |
2 vs 4 |
2 vs 5 |
3 vs 4 |
3 vs 5 |
4 vs 5 |
| p-vale |
0.18488 |
0.36775 |
0.010656 |
0.264737 |
0.280576 |
0.389019 |
0.41703 |
0.14744 |
0.36781 |
0.30430 |
Table 1.3 This is a t-test comparing the average percent cover under the rocks from the three days.
The p-values are outputs of one tailed distribution t-tests 2 sample with
unequal variance. These tests
compare the means from two rocks each.
Asterisks (*) mark differences that are significant (p < .05).
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t-test |
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| Rocks Compared |
1 vs 2 |
1 vs 3 |
1 vs 4 |
1 vs 5 |
2 vs 3 |
2 vs 4 |
2 vs 5 |
3 vs 4 |
3 vs 5 |
4 vs 5 |
| p-vale |
0.086595 |
0.454917 |
0.073156 |
0.094249 |
0.085143 |
0.06346 |
0.066435 |
0.118963 |
0.172418 |
0.289958 |
Table 1.4 This is a t-test comparing the average percent cover above the rocks from the three days.
The p-values are outputs of one tailed distribution t-tests 2 sample with
unequal variance. These tests
compare the means from two rocks each.
Asterisks (*) mark differences that are significant (p < .05).
| Anova: Single Factor |
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| SUMMARY |
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| Groups |
Count |
Sum |
Average |
Variance |
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| Day 1 |
5 |
4.3 |
0.86 |
0.00425 |
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| Day 2 |
5 |
4.55 |
0.91 |
0.008 |
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| Day 3 |
5 |
3.5 |
0.7 |
0.015 |
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| ANOVA |
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| Source of Variation |
SS |
df |
MS |
F |
P-value |
F crit |
| Between Groups |
0.120333333 |
2 |
0.060167 |
6.623853 |
0.011528* |
3.885294 |
| Within Groups |
0.109 |
12 |
0.009083 |
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| Total |
0.229333333 |
14 |
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Table 1.5. This is a single factor ANOVA comparing the percent cover from each day under the rocks. This compares
the averages of the days. Asterisks (*) mark differences that are significant (p < .05).
| Anova: Single Factor |
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| SUMMARY |
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| Groups |
Count |
Sum |
Average |
Variance |
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| Day 1 |
5 |
0.56 |
0.112 |
0.02622 |
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| Day 2 |
5 |
0.36 |
0.072 |
0.00667 |
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| Day 3 |
5 |
0.27 |
0.054 |
0.00203 |
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| ANOVA |
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| Source of Variation |
SS |
df |
MS |
F |
P-value |
F crit |
| Between Groups |
0.008813333 |
2 |
0.004407 |
0.37858 |
0.692729 |
3.885294 |
| Within Groups |
0.13968 |
12 |
0.01164 |
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| Total |
0.148493333 |
14 |
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Table 1.6. This is a single factor ANOVA comparing the percent cover from each day above the rocks. This compares
the averages of the days. Asterisks (*) mark differences that are significant (p < .05).
| Anova: Single Factor |
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| SUMMARY |
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| Groups |
Count |
Sum |
Average |
Variance |
|
|
| Rock 1 |
3 |
2.7 |
0.9 |
0.0025 |
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| Rock 2 |
3 |
2.35 |
0.783333 |
0.030833 |
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| Rock 3 |
3 |
2.6 |
0.866667 |
0.020833 |
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| Rock 4 |
3 |
2.25 |
0.75 |
0.0025 |
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| Rock 5 |
3 |
2.45 |
0.816667 |
0.035833 |
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| ANOVA |
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| Source of Variation |
SS |
df |
MS |
F |
P-value |
F crit |
| Between Groups |
0.044333333 |
4 |
0.011083 |
0.599099 |
0.671788 |
3.47805 |
| Within Groups |
0.185 |
10 |
0.0185 |
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| Total |
0.229333333 |
14 |
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Table 1.7. This is a single factor ANOVA comparing the percent cover under the rocks.This compares the
averages of each rock from the three days. Asterisks (*) mark differences that are significant (p < .05).
| Anova: Single Factor |
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| SUMMARY |
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| Groups |
Count |
Sum |
Average |
Variance |
|
|
| Rock 1 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.05 |
0 |
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| Rock 2 |
3 |
0.7 |
0.233333 |
0.023333 |
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| Rock 3 |
3 |
0.16 |
0.053333 |
0.002033 |
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| Rock 4 |
3 |
0.03 |
0.01 |
2.71E-20 |
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| Rock 5 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.05 |
0.0025 |
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| ANOVA |
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| Source of Variation |
SS |
df |
MS |
F |
P-value |
F crit |
| Between Groups |
0.09276 |
4 |
0.02319 |
4.160885 |
0.030711* |
3.47805 |
| Within Groups |
0.055733333 |
10 |
0.005573 |
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| Total |
0.148493333 |
14 |
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Table 1.8. This is a single factor ANOVA comparing the percent cover above the rocks.This compares the
averages of each rock from the three days. Asterisks (*) mark differences that are significant (p < .05).