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"Science is a capital or fund perpetually reinvested; it accumulates, rolls up, is carried forward by every new man. Every man of science has all the science before him to go upon, to set himself up in business with." ~ John Burroughs, U.S. author, naturalist

Ever heard the phrase, two heads are better than one? Well, imagine thousands of heads, with lots of ideas, making up one big community. The scientific community is like one big pulsing mass of information. When someone has an observation, idea, or experiment they've tested, they try to publish their results so other people will have access to the information they discovered. Then, when a person like you or myself has a similar question, we can find out what’s already been tried, what worked, what didn’t, what we think we already know, and what we still need to find out. One of the best ways to do a literature search is to get hold of a paper or book that has some information on what you're interested in, and then turn to the back. That's where their literature search is. Everything they used in their paper they have to cite (give credit to) and it's listed at the back of the paper, with all the information you need to go find those same papers for yourself. Here is my literature search.

Aquascope 2000, "Mussel veliger" Tjärnö Marine Biological Laboratory, Strömstad, Sweden: http://www.vattenkikaren.gu.se/fakta/arter/mollusca/bivalvia/bivaveli/bivavee.html

Bertness, Mark D. The Ecology of Atlantic Shorelines Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. 1999.

Bertness, MD and Leonard, G. "The role of positive interactions in communities: Lessons from the intertidal." Ecology Oct 1997. 78(7):1976-1989

Bertness, Mark D., G.H. Leonard, J.M. Levine, P.R. Schmidt, A.O. Ingrahm. "Testing the Relative Contribution of Positive and Negative Interactions in Rocky Intertidal Communites." Ecology Dec 1999. 80(8):2711-2726

Bayne, BL “Primary and Secondary Settlement in Mytilus edulis L. (Mollusca)” Journal of Animal Ecology 1964. 19:175-179

Engle, James B. and Loosanoff, Victor L. "On Season of Attachment of Larvae of Mytilus Edulis Linn." Ecology Oct 1944 25(4):433-440

Gaines, Steven D. and Bertness, Mark. "The Dynamics of Juvenile Dispersal: Why Field Ecologists Must Integrate." Ecology Dec 1993 74(8):2430-2435

Henahan, Sean, 1997. "Mussels Stick-on Protein Isolated" Access Excellence The national health museum science updates: http://www.accessexcellence.org/WN/SUA11/collagen997.html

Leonard, George H., Bertness, Mark D., Yund, Phillip O. "Crab Predation, Waterborne Cues, and Inducible Defenses in the Blue Mussel, Mytilus edulis." Ecology Jan 1999 80(1):1-14

Loosanoff, Victor L. "Shell Movements of the Edilbe Mussel, Mytilus Edulis (L.) in Relation to Temperature." Ecology Apr 1942 23(2):231-234

Newcombe, Curtis L. "A Study of the Community Relationships of the Sea Mussel, Mytilus Edulis L." Ecology Apr 1935 16(2):234-243

Petraitis, Peter S. "The Role of Growth in Maintaining Spatial Dominance by Mussels (Mytilus Edulis)." Ecology Jun 1995 76(4):1337-1346

Richards, Oscar W. "Comparative Growth of Mytilus Californianus at La Jolla, Calif., and Mytilus Edulis at Woods Hole, Mass." Ecology Oct 1946 27(4):370-372

Rouse, G. W. 1999. "Trochophore concepts: Ciliary bands and the evolution of larvae in spiralian Metazoa." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 66: 411-464.

Smith, L.D. and Jennings, J.A. "Induced defensive responses by the bivalve Mytilus edulis to predators with different attack modes" Marine Biology Jan 2000 136:461-469

Witman, Jon D. "Refuges, Biological Disturbance, and Rocky Subtidal Community Structure in New England" Ecological Monographs Dec 1985 55(4):421-445.

Witman, Jon D. "Subtidal Coexistence: Storms, Grazing, Mutualism, and the Zonation of Kelps and Mussels" Ecological Monographs Jun 1987 57(2):167-187

Young, R.T. "Spawning and Settling Season of the Mussel, Mytilus Californianus" Ecology Oct 1946 27(4):354-363

The Cycle of Science

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